real exchange rate การใช้

• Poland's disinflationary efforts, moreover, coincided with a very high real exchange rate.
• He is known for his research on nominal / real exchange rate movements.
• "If that happens, China will certainly need real exchange rate adjustment, " it said.
• In effect, they seek an appreciation of their real exchange rate against the mark.
• If purchasing power parity held exactly, then the real exchange rate would always equal one.
• Another strategy for avoiding real exchange rate appreciation is to increase income and profit taxes.
• Ahluwalia said, adding that the real exchange rate today was the same as in 1993-94.
• The central bank should not be concerned with eventual corrections in the real exchange rate,
• Currency substitution increases with inflation volatility and decreases with the volatility of the real exchange rate.
• More generally, uncertainty in real exchange rate would reduce investment, and thus generating extra output costs.
• "The euro's real exchange rate more or less corresponds at present with the average over several years,"
• The real exchange rate, available on the black market, is about 1, 500 som to the dollar.
• However, in 1978 and 1979, the real exchange rate appreciated because inflation consistently outpaced the rate of depreciation.
• The real exchange rate is then equal to the nominal exchange rate, adjusted for differences in price levels.
• "It's still over-valued-- if you look at the real exchange rate it's probably still 10 percent overvalued ."
• "The National Bank could, I don't want to deny that, influence real exchange rates in the short and medium term,"
• During the 1950s and through the 1980s, high inflation and appreciated real exchange rates reduced the value of agricultural exports.
• The other 10 percent are going to close some outlets since owners charge rent according to the real exchange rate,
• In practice, the onset of crisis has typically occurred after the real exchange rate has depreciated below the nominal rate.
• RIRP rests on several assumptions, including efficient markets, no country risk premia, and zero change in the expected real exchange rate.